Silverlight中的序列化

序 列化简言之是这样一种能力：能够把复杂的对象(Object)变成某种格式的字符串(常见的格式有xml,String,二进制文件等)，这样可以方便的 在各种系统中传输或交换(比喻socket编程中的数据包只能用byte[]传输)，接收方得到该字符串后，通过反序列化可以还原为复杂对象,进而调用对 象的方法或属性 -- 跟反射有点沾边：）

这里先给出一个WinForm的序列化例子，功能为通过打开文件对话框选择一个文件后，构造一个复杂对象，然后序列化为二进制格式，得到该格式后，再反序列化(还原)为复杂对象

Winform中的序列化
1 using System;
2 using System.IO;
3 using System.Runtime.serialization;
4 using System.Runtime.serialization.Formatters.binary;
5 using System.Text;
6 using System.Windows.Forms;
7
8 namespace serializestudy
9 {
10     public partial class Form1 : Form
11     {
12         public Form1()
13         {
14             InitializeComponent();
15         }
16
17         private void btnserialize_Click(object sender,EventArgs E)
18         {
19             OpenFileDialog opendlg = new openFileDialog();
20             if (opendlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.oK)
21             {
22
23                 #region 得到一个包含"文件@L_674_18@"的Msg对象
24                 Msg msg = new Msg();
25                 msg.ReceiverName = "jimmy";
26                 msg.SenderName = "yjmyzy";
27                 msg.Type = messageType.file;
28                 FileStream fs = opendlg.openFile() as FileStream;
29                 msg.body = new byte[fs.Length];
30                 fs.Read(msg.body,msg.body.Length);
31                 fs.Close();
32                 #endregion
33
34                 #region 将Msg对象序列到内存流中
35                 MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
36                 BinaryFormatter binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
37                 binaryFormatter.serialize(ms,msg);
38                 #endregion
39
40                 #region 再将内存流转化为byte[]
41                 byte[] arrMsg = ms.ToArray();
42                 ms.Close();
43                 #endregion
44
45                 messageBox.Show("序列化成功!");
46
47                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
48
49                 for (int i = 0; i < arrMsg.Length; i++)
50                 {
51                     sb.Append(arrMsg[i].ToString() + ",");
52                 }
53
54                 TEXTBox1.Text = sb.ToString().Trim(',');
55             }
56         }
57
58         private void btnDeserialize_Click(object sender,EventArgs E)
59         {
60             if (textBox1.Text.Trim().Length == 0) { return; }
61
62             #region 先将textBox1中的@L_674_18@变成byte[]
63             String[] arrMsg = textBox1.Text.Trim().Split(',');
64             byte[] arrBin = new byte[arrMsg.Length];
65
66             for (int i = 0; i < arrMsg.Length; i++)
67             {
68                 arrBin[i] = byte.Parse(arrMsg[i]);
69             }
70             #endregion
71
72             try
73             {
74                 IFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
75                 MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(arrBin);
76                 Msg msg = formatter.Deserialize(ms) as Msg;
77
78                 if (msg != null)
79                 {
80                     messageBox.Show("反序列化成功!" + msg.ReceiverName + "," + msg.SenderName + "," + msg.TypE);
81                 }
82
83             }
84             catch (Exception eX)
85             {
86                 messageBox.Show(ex.message.ToString());
87             }
88         }
89     }
90
91
92
93     /// <sumMary>
94     /// 消息格式
95     /// </sumMary>
96     [serializable]
97     public enum messageType
98     {
99         txt,
100         img,
101         file,
102         unkNown
103     }
104
105     /// <sumMary>
106     /// 消息对象
107     /// </sumMary>
108     [serializable]
109     public class Msg
110     {
111         private messageType _type = messageType.unkNown;
112         public messageType Type
113         {
114             set { _type = value; }
115             get { return _type; }
116         }
117
118         public String SenderName { set; get; }
119         public String ReceiverName { set; get; }
120         public byte[] Body { set; get; }
121
122     }
123 }
124

不过在Silverlight中，传统的序列化方式有很多被精减掉了（比如BinaryFormatter之类），唯一得以保存的只剩下 System.Xml.serialization，所以SL中只能通过xml来序列化对象(虽然xml序列化后的字节数相对Binary有点大，不过我 们也别无选择)，另外有一点很让人不习惯的是，需要序列化的自定义类中，居然不需要加[serializable],[DataMember]这类标记！ （这一点让我郁闷了好久，还为此在网上疯狂的百度，google为啥sl中不识别serializable）

1.先定义一个需要序列化的类

自定义类
namespace serializeDemo
{
    /// <sumMary>
    /// 聊天室消息对象
    /// </sumMary>       
    public class Chatmessage
    {
        public String SenderName { set; get; }

        public String ReceiverName { set; get; }

        public messageType Type { set; get; }

        public byte[] Body { set; get; }

        public enum messageType {
            txt,img,file,unkNown
        }
      
    }
}

2.序列化/反序列化代码示例:

Xaml部分：

Xaml
<UserControl x:Class="serializeDemo.MainPage"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation "
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml "
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008 " xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006 "
    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="640" d:DesignHeight="480">
<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">
      <Grid.RowDeFinitions>
          <RowDeFinition Height="30"/>
          <RowDeFinition Height="*"/>
      </Grid.RowDeFinitions>
      <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" Orientation="Horizontal">
          <Button x:Name="btnserialize" Content="序列化" Width="80" Height="24" Click="btnserialize_Click"/>
          <Button x:Name="btnDeserialize" Content="反序列化" Width="80" Margin="10,0" Height="24" Click="btnDeserialize_Click"/>
      </StackPanel>
      <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Text="TextBox" textwrapping="Wrap" d:LayoutOverrides="Height" x:Name="txtResult"/>       
</Grid>
</UserControl>
Xaml.cs部分:

Xaml.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Xml.serialization;

namespace serializeDemo
{
    public partial class MainPage : UserControl
    {
        public MainPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnserialize_Click(object sender,RoutedEventArgs E)
        {
            #region 得到一个复杂对象
            Chatmessage msg = new Chatmessage();
            msg.ReceiverName = "jimmy";
            msg.SenderName = "yjmyzy";
            msg.type = chatmessage.messageType.file;
            msg.body = new byte[] { 0,1,1 };
            #endregion

            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            Xmlserializer xml = new Xmlserializer(typeof(ChatmessagE));
            try
            {
                xml.serialize(ms,msg);//将对象序列化为流
                byte[] arr = ms.ToArray();
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
                {
                    sb.Append(arr[i].ToString() + ",");   
                }
                txtResult.Text = sb.ToString().Trim(',');
            }
            catch (Exception eX)
            {
                txtResult.Text = ex.message.ToString();
            }
        }

        private void btnDeserialize_Click(object sender,RoutedEventArgs E)
        {
            if (txtResult.Text.Trim().Length == 0) { return; }
            #region 先将txtResult中的@L_674_18@变成byte[]
            String[] arrMsg = txtResult.Text.Trim().Split(',');
            byte[] arrBin = new byte[arrMsg.Length];

            for (int i = 0; i < arrMsg.Length; i++)             {                 arrBin[i] = byte.Parse(arrMsg[i]);             }             #endregion             MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(arrBin);             Xmlserializer xml = new Xmlserializer(typeof(ChatmessagE));             try             {                 Chatmessage msg = xml.Deserialize(ms) as Chatmessage;//反序列化为Chatmessage对象                 if (msg != null)                 {                     txtResult.Text = "反序列化成功！" + msg.ReceiverName + "," + msg.Type.ToString();                 }             }             catch (Exception eX)             {                 txtResult.Text = ex.message.ToString();             }                    }     } }