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wpf – VisualStateManager不能像广告一样工作

silverlight   发布时间：2022-05-03  发布网站：大佬教程  code.js-code.com
大佬教程收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了wpf – VisualStateManager不能像广告一样工作，大佬教程大佬觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。

概述

以下问题一直困扰我几天，但我只是能够将其提炼到最简单的形式。考虑以下XAML： <Window x:Class="VSMTest.MainWindow" xmlns="http://scheR_288_11845@as.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://scheR_288_11845@as.microsoft.com/win
以下问题一直困扰我几天，但我只是能够将其提炼到最简单的形式。考虑以下XAML： 

<Window x:Class="VSMTest.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://scheR_288_11845@as.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://scheR_288_11845@as.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        @R_262_10283@e="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">

    <Window.resources>
        <Style TargetType="checkBox">
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="3"/>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="checkBox">
                        <Grid x:Name="Root">
                            <Grid.BACkground>
                                <SolidColorBrush x:Name="brush" Color="White"/>
                            </Grid.BACkground>

                            <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
                                <VisualStateGroup Name="checkStates">
                                    <VisualStateGroup.Transitions>
                                        <VisualTransition To="checked" GeneratedDuration="00:00:03">
                                            <Storyboard Name="checkingStoryboard">
                                                <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="brush" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color">
                                                    <DiscreteColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="LightGreen"/>
                                                </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                            </Storyboard>
                                        </VisualTransition>

                                        <VisualTransition To="Unchecked" GeneratedDuration="00:00:03">
                                            <Storyboard Name="UncheckingStoryboard">
                                                <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="brush" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color">
                                                    <DiscreteColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="LightSalmon"/>
                                                </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                            </Storyboard>
                                        </VisualTransition>
                                    </VisualStateGroup.Transitions>

                                    <VisualState Name="checked">
                                        <Storyboard Name="checkedStoryboard" Duration="0">
                                            <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="brush" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color">
                                                <DiscreteColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="Green"/>
                                            </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        </Storyboard>
                                    </VisualState>

                                    <VisualState Name="Unchecked">
                                        <Storyboard Name="UncheckedStoryboard" Duration="0">
                                            <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="brush" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color">
                                                <DiscreteColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="Red"/>
                                            </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                                        </Storyboard>
                                    </VisualState>
                                </VisualStateGroup>
                            </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>

                            <ContentPresenter/>
                        </Grid>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.resources>

    <StackPanel>
        <checkBox x:Name="cb1">check Box 1</checkBox>
        <checkBox x:Name="cb2">check Box 2</checkBox>
        <checkBox x:Name="cb3">check Box 3</checkBox>
    </StackPanel>
</Window>

它只是重新模板checkBox控件，使其背景依赖于其状态：

>已检查=绿色
>未选中=红色
>检查(转换)=浅绿色
>取消选中(转换)=浅红色

所以，当你检查一个复选框时，你会希望它在很短的时间内变成浅绿色，然后变绿。同样，取消勾选时，您会期望它在短时间内变成浅红色，然后变红。

它通常是这样做的。但不总是。

玩程序足够长(我可以在大约30秒钟内获得)，你会发现过渡动画有时在视觉状态下胜过。也就是说，选中时，复选框将继续显示为浅绿色，或未选择时将显示为浅红色。这是一个屏幕截图，说明我的意思，在过渡配置采取的3秒之后，效果很好：

当这种情况发生时，不是因为控件没有成功转换到目标状态。它的意图是处于正确的状态。我通过检查调试器中的以下内容(针对上述屏幕截图记录的具体情况)进行了验证：

var vsgs = VisualStateManager.GetVisualStateGroups(VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(this.cb2,0) as FrameworkElement);
var vsg = vsgs[0];
// this is correctly reported as "UnSELEcted"
var currentState = vsg.CurrentState.Name;

如果启用跟踪动画，当转换成功完成时，我会得到以下输出：

System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='44177654'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='6148812'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='8261103'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='36205315'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='18626439'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 3 : Storyboard has been removed; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='44177654'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 3 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='36893403'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='checkingStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='49590434'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='<null>'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 3 : Storyboard has been removed; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='36893403'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='checkingStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 3 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 3 : Storyboard has been removed; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='49590434'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='<null>'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 3 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='16977025'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='checkedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 3 : Storyboard has been removed; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='16977025'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='checkedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 3 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='16977025'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='checkedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 :

当转换无法成功完成时，我会得到以下输出：

System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='44177654'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='6148812'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='8261103'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='36205315'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='18626439'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 3 : Storyboard has been removed; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='44177654'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='UncheckedStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 3 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='36893403'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='checkingStoryboard'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 : 
System.Windows.Media.Animation Start: 1 : Storyboard has begun; Storyboard='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; Storyboard.HashCode='49590434'; Storyboard.Type='System.Windows.Media.Animation.Storyboard'; StoryboardName='<null>'; TargetElement='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; TargetElement.HashCode='41837403'; TargetElement.Type='System.Windows.Controls.Grid'; NameScope='<null>'
System.Windows.Media.Animation Stop: 1 :

前12行与过渡成功完全相同，但最后10行完全失踪！

我已经阅读了我可以找到的所有VSM文档，并且无法提出这种不规则行为的解释。

我假设这是VSM中的一个错误？这个问题有什么已知的解释或解决方法吗？

解决方法

我已经能够识别和解决问题如下：

首先，我将我的重载项目降级为.NET 3.5，并从CodePlex获取了WPF Toolkit源代码。我将WPF Toolkit项目添加到我的解决方案中，并从Repro项目中添加了一个引用。

接下来，我运行该应用程序，并确保我仍然可以重现这个问题。果然，很容易这样做。

然后我打开了VisualStateManager.cs文件，并开始添加一些诊断在关键的地方，会告诉我什么代码正在运行，什么没有。通过添加这些诊断并将良好转换的输出与不良转换进行比较，我很快就能够识别出自身出现问题时以下代码未运行：

// Hook up generated Storyboard's Completed event handler
dynamicTransition.Completed += delegate
{
    if (transition.Storyboard == null ||
        transition.ExplicitStoryboardCompleted)
    {
        if (ShouldRunStateStoryboard(control,element,state,group))
        {
            group.StartNewThenStopOld(element,state.Storyboard);
        }

        group.RaiseCurrentStateChanged(element,lastState,control);
    }

    transition.DynamicStoryboardCompleted = true;
};

所以bug的性质从VSM中的一个问题转移到Storyboard.Completed事件中的问题并不总是被提出来。这是我以前遇到过的一个问题，似乎是任何WPF开发人员在做出任何事情，甚至在普通的动画时，甚至是一个非常的焦虑的来源。

在整个过程中，我在WPF Disciples google group发布了我的发现，在这一点上，Pavan Podila回应了这个宝石：

有了这个洞察力，我在VisualStateManager.cs改变了这一行：

group.StartNewThenStopOld(element,transition.Storyboard,dynamicTransition);

为此：

var masterStoryboard = new Storyboard();

if (transition.Storyboard != null)
{
    masterStoryboard.Children.Add(transition.Storyboard);
}

masterStoryboard.Children.Add(dynamicTransition);
group.StartNewThenStopOld(element,masterStoryboard);

而且 – 我看到，我以前不断间歇的责备现在每次都在工作！

所以，真的这可以解决WPF动画子系统中的错误或奇怪的行为。

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