大佬教程收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了Oracle 11.2.0.4静默安装软件和创建数据库，大佬教程大佬觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。
在没有图形界面的情况时，安装Oracle数据库软件和创建数据库就只能使用命令行的方式进行。
本文假设安装的前提条件都已经配置好。
一、静默安装数据库软件
1、准备参数文件
这个参数文件是用于安装软件使用的，里边配置了需要安装的版本、语言、OracLE_HOME等信息。
这个文件的模版在database/response目录下的db_install.rsp，文件中的各个参数作用参考http://docs.Oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/em.112/e12255/oui3_response_files.htm#OUICG183
#修改记录如下： Oracle.install.option=INSTall_DB_SWONLY#只安装软件 UNIX_GROUP_name=oinstall#安装的操作系统用户组 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory/#Inventory目录路径 SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en#安装语言 OracLE_HOME=/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db#OracleHome路径 OracLE_BASE=/u01/app/Oracle/#OracleBase路径 Oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE#数据库版本EE企业版 Oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba#DBA组所属的操作系统用户组 Oracle.install.db.oPER_GROUP=oinstall#OPER组所属的操作系统用户组 DECliNE_Security_updatES=true#必须设置为true，否则需要修改其他信息 #创建Inventory目录 [Oracle@rHel611.2.0.4_database]$cd/u01/app/ [Oracle@rHel6app]$ls Oracle [Oracle@rHel6app]$mkdiroraInventory
2、静默安装
[Oracle@rHel611.2.0.4_database]$./runInstaller-silent-force-responsefile/opt/soft/11g/11.2.0.4_database/response/install.rsp StarTingOracleUniversalinstaller... checkingTempspace:mustbegreaterthan120MB.Actual34496MBPassed checkingswapspace:mustbegreaterthan150MB.Actual2047MBPassed PreparingtolaunchOracleUniversalinstallerfrom/tmp/OraInstall2016-12-21_05-02-49Pm.Pleasewait...[Oracle@rHel611.2.0.4_database]$[WARNING][INS-13014]Targetenvironmentdonotmeetsomeoptionalrequ irements.CAUSE:Someoftheoptionalprerequisitesarenotmet.Seelogsfordetails./tmp/OraInstall2016-12-21_05-02-49PM/installActions2016-12-21_05-02-49Pm.log ACTION:IDentifytHelistofFailedprerequisitechecksfromtHelog:/tmp/OraInstall2016-12-21_05-02-49PM/installActions2016-12-21_05-02-49Pm.log.TheneitherfromtHelogfiLeorfrominstallationmanualf indtheappropriateconfigurationtomeettheprerequisitesandfixitmanually.YoucanfindtHelogofthisinstallsessionat: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-12-21_05-02-49Pm.log #日志文件：/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-12-21_05-02-49Pm.log [Oracle@rHel611.2.0.4_database]$TheinstallationofOracleDatabase11gwassuccessful. Pleasecheck'/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silenTinstall2016-12-21_05-02-49Pm.log'formoredetails. Asarootuser,executethefollowingscript(s): 1./u01/app/oraInventory/orainstroot.sh 2./u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh successfullySetupSoftware.
3、使用root执行脚本
[root@rHel6response]#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstroot.sh Changingpermissionsof/u01/app/oraInventory. Addingread,writepermissionsforgroup. Removingread,write,executepermissionsforworld. Changinggroupnameof/u01/app/oraInventorytooinstall. Theexecutionofthescriptiscomplete. [root@rHel6response]#/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/root.sh check/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/install/root_rHel6_2016-12-21_17-12-23.logfortheoutputofrootscript [root@rHel6response]#cat/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/install/root_rHel6_2016-12-21_17-12-23.log PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle11g Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas: OracLE_owneR=Oracle OracLE_HOME=/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db copyingdbhometo/usr/local/bin... copyingoraenvto/usr/local/bin... copyingcoraenvto/usr/local/bin... CreaTing/etc/oratabfile... EntrIEswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript. Nowproduct-specificrootactionswillbeperformed. Finishedproduct-specificrootactions. Finishedproduct-specificrootactions. #测试sqlplus [Oracle@rHel611.2.0.4_database]$sqlplus/assysdba sql*Plus:release11.2.0.4.0ProductiononWedDec2117:16:192016 copyright(C)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved. ConnectedtoanIDleinstance. sql>
4、手工建库
官方文档：http://docs.Oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e25494/create.htm#CIAEJDBE
4.1 配置环境变量
exportOracLE_BASE=/u01/app/Oracle exportOracLE_HOME=$OracLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db exportoracle_sid=mydb exportPATH=$PATH:$OracLE_HOME/bin #创建数据文件存储目录 [Oracle@rHel6Oracle]$cd$OracLE_BASE [Oracle@rHel6Oracle]$mkdir-poradata/mydb
4.2 手工创建pfile
#此处只写必要的几个参数，生产上要按照实际情况写参数 [Oracle@rHel6~]$catmydb.ora db_name=mydb control_files=/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/control01.ctl,/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/control02.ctl
4.3 启动实例到NOMOUNT状态
[Oracle@rHel6~]$sqlplus/assysdba sql*Plus:release11.2.0.4.0ProductiononWedDec2117:26:312016 copyright(C)1982,Oracle.Allrightsreserved. ConnectedtoanIDleinstance. sql>startupnomountpfile=/home/Oracle/mydb.ora; OracLEinstancestarted. @R_139_10586@lSystemGlobalArea217157632bytes FixedSize 2251816bytes VariableSize 159384536bytes DatabaseBuffers 50331648bytes Redobuffers 5189632bytes
4.4 创建spfile并重启到NOMOUNT状态
sql>createspfilefrompfile='/home/Oracle/mydb.ora'; filecreated. sql>shutdownimmediate; ORA-01507:databasenotmounted OracLEinstanceshutdown. sql>startupnomount; OracLEinstancestarted. @R_139_10586@lSystemGlobalArea217157632bytes FixedSize 2251816bytes VariableSize 159384536bytes DatabaseBuffers 50331648bytes Redobuffers 5189632bytes
4.4 执行CREATE DATABASE语句创建数据库
sql>CREATEDATABASEmydb 2USERSYSIDENTIFIEDBYOracle 3USERSYstemIDENTIFIEDBYOracle 4LOGfileGROUP1('/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/redo01.log')SIZE100MBLOCKSIZE512,5GROUP2('/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/redo02.log')SIZE100MBLOCKSIZE512,6GROUP3('/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/redo03.log')SIZE100MBLOCKSIZE512 7MAXLOGfileS5 8MAXLOGMEMBERS5 9MAXLOGHISTORY1 10MAXDATAFILES100 11CHaraCTERSETZHS16GBK 12NATIONALCHaraCTERSETAL16UTF16 13EXTENTMANAGEMENTLOCAL 14DATAFILE'/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/system01.dbf'SIZE325MREUSE 15SYSAUXDATAFILE'/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/sysaux01.dbf'SIZE325MREUSE 16DEFAulTtableSPACEusers 17DATAFILE'/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/users01.dbf' 18SIZE500MREUSEautoEXTENDONMAXSIZEUNliMITED 19DEFAulTTEMPORARYtableSPACETempts1 20TEMPfile'/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/temp01.dbf' 21SIZE20MREUSE 22UNDOtableSPACEundotbs 23DATAFILE'/u01/app/Oracle/oradata/mydb/undotbs01.dbf' 24SIZE200MREUSEautoEXTENDONMAXSIZEUNliMITED; Databasecreated.
4.5 执行创建数据字典脚本
conn/assysdba @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql connsystem/Oracle @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
5、创建监听并启动
[Oracle@rHel6mydb]$cd$OracLE_HOME/network/admin [Oracle@rHel6admin]$ls samplesshrept.lst [Oracle@rHel6admin]$vilistener.ora [Oracle@rHel6admin]$catlistener.ora ListENER= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_List= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=tcp)(HOST=rHel6)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=ipC)(KEY=extproC)))) [Oracle@rHel6admin]$lsnrctlstart LSNRCTLforlinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Productionon21-DEC-201617:41:13 copyright(C)1991,Oracle.Allrightsreserved. StarTing/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/tnslsnr:pleasewait... TNSLSNRforlinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Production Systemparameterfileis/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora Logmessageswrittento/u01/app/Oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rHel6/Listener/alert/log.xml Listeningon:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=tcp)(HOST=rHel6)(PORT=1521))) Listeningon:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=ipC)(KEY=extproC))) ConnecTingto(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=tcp)(HOST=rHel6)(PORT=1521))) STATUSoftHelistENER ------------------------ AliasListENER VersionTNSLSNRforlinux:Version11.2.0.4.0-Production StartDate21-DEC-201617:41:15 Uptime0days0hr.0min.2sec TraceLeveloff SecurityON:LocalOSAuthentication SNMPOFF ListenerParameterfile/u01/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora ListenerLogfile/u01/app/Oracle/diag/tnslsnr/rHel6/Listener/alert/log.xml ListeningendpointsSumMary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=tcp)(HOST=rHel6)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCol=ipC)(KEY=extproC))) THelistenersupportsnoservices Thecommandcompletedsuccessfully
6、测试
C:\Users\victor>sqlplussystem/Oracle@192.168.56.3/mydb sql*Plus:release12.1.0.1.0Productionon星期三12月2117:51:052016 copyright(C)1982,Oracle.Allrightsreserved. 连接到: OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.4.0-64bitProduction WiththePartitioning,olAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTesTingoptions sql>SELEctopen_modefromv$database; open_mode -------------------- READWRITE
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