Elixir 用Phoenix,Postgresql和Ecto创建一个书单应用

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本文通过一个书单应用简要介绍使用Phoenix框架创建一个Web应用程序的基本步骤.

安装Phoenix

     

      
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  git clone http 
 
      s://github. 
 
      com/phoenixframework/phoenix.git 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      cd phoenix 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  git checkout v0. 
 
      5.0 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  mix 
 
      do deps. 
 
      get,compile 

     

创建书单项目

在phoenix源代码目录中运行如下命令创建一个phoenix项目目录结构

     

      
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  mix phoenix. 
 
      new book_store ../book_store 

     

目录../book_store不必事先存在,phoenix会自动创建.

添加依赖库

编辑mix.exs文件,修改后如下:

     

      
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      defmodule BookStore.@H_11_24@mixfile  
 
      do 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      use 
 
      @H_11_24@mix.Project 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      def project  
 
      do 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  [ 
 
      @H_772_174@app: 
 
      @H_772_174@:book_store,


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      @H_772_174@version: 
 
      "0.0.1",


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      @H_772_174@elixir: 
 
      "~> 1.0",


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      @H_772_174@elixirc_paths: [ 
 
      "lib","web"],


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      @H_772_174@compilers: [ 
 
      @H_772_174@:phoenix] ++ 
 
      @H_11_24@mix.compilers,


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      @H_772_174@deps: deps] 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      end 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      # Configuration for the OTP application 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      # 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      # Type `mix Help compile.app` for more information 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      def application  
 
      do 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  [ 
 
      @H_772_174@mod: { 
 
      BookStore, []},


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      @H_772_174@applications: [ 
 
      @H_772_174@:phoenix,@H_772_174@:cowboy,@H_772_174@:logger,@H_772_174@:POSTGRex,@H_772_174@:ecto]] 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      end 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      # SpecifIEs your project dependencIEs 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      # 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      # Type `mix Help deps` for examples and options 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  defp deps 
 
      do 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  [{ 
 
      @H_772_174@:phoenix,"0.5.0"},


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  { 
 
      @H_772_174@:cowboy,"~> 1.0"},


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  { 
 
      @H_772_174@:POSTGRex,"~> 0.5"},


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     

      
  { 
 
      @H_772_174@:ecto,"~> 0.2.0"}] 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      end 

     


     
     
     
     

     

     

      
      
      

     
 
 
      end 

     

和修改之前的mix.exs文件相比有两个变更处:

• 在application函数中增加了两个依赖的应用程序:POSTGRes和:ecto(16行)
• 在deps函数增加两个依赖库{:POSTGRex,"~> 0.5"}和{:ecto,"~> 0.2.0"}(24,25行)
@H_419_321@

运行

1	mix do deps. get,compile

创建一个仓库(Repo)

创建文件web/models/repo.ex,内容如下:

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defmodule BookStore.Repo do use Ecto.Repo, @H_772_174@adapter: Ecto.Adapters.POSTGRes def conf do parse_url "ecto://POSTGRes:POSTGRes@localhost/book_store" end def priv do app_dir( @H_772_174@:book_store,"priv/repo") end end

创建数据库:

1	createdb book_store -U POSTGRes --enCoding='utf- 8' --locale=en_Us. UTF- 8 -- template=template0

修改lib/book_store.ex为,如下:

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defmodule BookStore do use Application # See http://elixir-lang.org/docs/stable/elixir/Application.HTML # for more information on OTP Applications def start(_type, _args) do import Supervisor.Spec, @H_772_174@warn: false children = [ # define workers and child supervisors to be supervised worker( BookStore.Repo, []) ] opts = [ @H_772_174@strategy: @H_772_174@:one_for_one,@H_772_174@name: BookStore.Supervisor] Supervisor.start_link(children,opts) end end

编译

1	@H_571_40@mix compile

创建模型

创建文件web/models/books.ex,内容如下:

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defmodule BookStore.Books do use Ecto.Model scheR_204_11845@a "books" do fIEld @H_772_174@@R_123_6964@,@H_772_174@:string fIEld @H_772_174@:description,@H_772_174@:string fIEld @H_772_174@:author,@H_772_174@:string fIEld @H_772_174@:publisher,@H_772_174@:string end end

创建数据库移植脚本

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$ mix ecto.gen.migration Bookstore.Repo create_book Compiled web /models/books.ex Generated bookstore.app * creaTing priv /repo/migrations * creaTing priv /repo/migrations /20141112170140_create_book.exs

编辑生成的priv/repo/migrations/20141112170140_create_book.exs脚本,内容如下:

defmodule BookStore.Repo.Migrations.CreateBook do use Ecto.Migration def up do ["create table books(\ ID serial priMary key,\ title varchar(125),\ description text,\ author varchar(255),\ publisher varchar(255))",\ "INSERT INTO books(title,description,author,publisher) \ VALUES ( \ 'ProgrAMMing Elixir',\ 'ProgrAMMing Elixir: Functional |> Concurrent |> Pragmatic |> Fun',\ 'Dave Thomas',\ 'The Pragmatic BooksHelf')" ] end def down do "drop table books" end end

运行移植脚本

1	@H_571_40@mix ecto.migrate BookStore.Repo

创建查询

创建文件web/models/querIEs.ex,内容如下:

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defmodule BookStore.QuerIEs do import Ecto. query def books_query do query = from book in BookStore.books, SELEct: book BookStore.Repo. all( query) end end

配置路由

打开文件web/router.ex,修改为如下:

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defmodule BookStore.Router do use Phoenix.Router scope "/" do # Use the default browser stack. pipe_through :browser # get "/",BookStore.PageController,: index,as: :pages get "/",BookStore.bookController,as: :books end # Other scopes may use custom stacks. # scope "/API" do # pipe_through :API # end end

创建控制器

创建文件web/controllers/book_controller.ex,内容如下:

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defmodule BookStore.BookController do use Phoenix.Controller plug @H_772_174@:action def index(conn,_params) do books = BookStore.QuerIEs.books_query render conn,"index",@H_772_174@books: books end end

创建书单视图

创建文件web/vIEws/book_vIEw.ex,内容如下:

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defmodule BookStore.BookVIEw do use BookStore.VIEws end

创建目录

1	@H_571_40@mkdir web/templates/book

并添加文件web/templates/book/index.HTMl.eex,内容如下:

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<h1>我的图书 </h1> <table class='table table-bodered table-Striped'> <thead> <tr> <th># </th> <th>标题 </th> <th>描述 </th> <th>作者 </th> <th>出版社 </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <%= for book <- @books do %> <tr> <td> <%= book.ID %> </td> <td> <%= book.title %> </td> <td> <%= book.description %> </td> <td> <%= book.author %> </td> <td> <%= book.publisher %> </td> </tr> <% end %> </tbody> </table>

启动应用,并刷新页面

1	@H_571_40@mix phoenix.start

我的书单应用

完成!

参考资料

1. Book LisTing App With Elixir,Phoenix,POSTGRes and Ecto
   http://learnelixir.com/blog/2014/10/05/build-web-app-with-elixir/

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