linux 文件与进程

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1. linux查看一个文件正被那些程序使用

fuser -hUsage: fuser [-fMuvw] [-a|-s] [-4|-6] [-c|-m|-n SPACE] [-k [-i] [-SIGNAL]] NAME... fuser -l fuser -VShow which processes use the named files,sockets,or filesystems.

-a,--all display unused files too -i,--interactive ask before killing (ignored without -k) -k,--kill kill processes accessing the named file -l,--list-signals list available signal names -m,--mount show all processes using the named filesystems or block device -M,--ismountpoint fulfill request only if NAME is a mount point -n,--namespace SPACE search in this name space (file,udp,or tcp) -s,--silent silent operation -SIGNAL send this signal instead of SIGKILL -u,--user display user IDs -v,--verbose verbose output -w,--writeonly kill only processes with write access -V,--version display version information -4,--ipv4 search IPv4 sockets only -6,--ipv6 search IPv6 sockets only - reset options

udp/tcp names: [local_port][,[rmt_host][,[rmt_port]]]

2. 查看该进程打开的文件

lsof -hlsof 4.86 latest revision: ftp://lsof.itap.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof/ latest FAQ: ftp://lsof.itap.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof/FAQ latest man page: ftp://lsof.itap.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof/lsof_man usage: [-?abhKlnNoOPRtUvVX] [+|-c c] [+|-d s] [+D D] [+|-f[gG]] [+|-e s] [-F [f]] [-g [s]] [-i [i]] [+|-L [l]] [+m [m]] [+|-M] [-o [o]] [-p s][+|-r [t]] [-s [p:s]] [-S [t]] [-T [t]] [-u s] [+|-w] [-x [fl]] [--] [names]Defaults in parentheses; comma-separated set (s) items; dash-separated ranges. -?|-h list Help -a AND SELEctions (OR) -b avoid kernel blocks -c c cmd c ^c /c/[bix] +c w COMMAND width (9) +d s dir s files -d s SELEct by FD set +D D dir D tree *SLOW?* +|-e s exempt s *RISKY* -i SELEct IPv[46] files -K list tasKs -l list Uid numbers -n no host names -N SELEct NFS files -o list file offset -O no overhead *RISKY* -P no port names -R list paRent PID -s list file size -t terse lisTing -T disable TCP/TPI info -U SELEct Unix socket -v list version info -V verbose search +|-w Warnings (+) -X skip TCP&UDP* files -- end option scan +f|-f +filesystem or -file names +|-f[gG] flaGs -F [f] SELEct fields; -F? for Help +|-L [l] list (+) suppress (-) link counts < l="" (0="all;" default="0)" +m="" [m]="" use|create="" mount="" supplement="" +|-m="" portmap="" registration="" (-)="" -o="" o="" o="" 0t="" offset="" digits="" (8)="" -p="" s="" exclude(^)|select="" pids="" -s="" [t]="" t="" second="" stat="" timeout="" (15)="" -t="" qs="" tcp/tpi="" q,st="" (s)="" info="" -g="" [s]="" exclude(^)|select="" and="" print="" process="" group="" ids="" -i="" i="" select="" by="" ipv[46]="" address:="" [46][proto][@host|addr][:svc_list|port_list]="" +|-r="">]] repeat every t seconds (15); + until no files,- forever. An optional suffix to t is m; m must separate t from and is an strftime(3) format for the marker line. -s p:s exclude(^)|SELEct protocol (p = TCP|UDp) states by name(s). -u s exclude(^)|SELEct login|UID set s -x [fl] cross over +d|+D File systems or symbolic Links names SELEct named files or files on named file systemsAnyone can list all files; /dev warnings disabled; kernel ID check disabled.

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