分类导航

Django 发布时间：2022-04-10 发布网站：大佬教程 code.js-code.com

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一、分页

试问如果当数据量特别大的时候，你是怎么解决分页的？

方式a、记录当前访问页数的数据id
方式b、最多显示120页等
方式c、只显示上一页，下一页，不让选择页码，对页码进行加密

title">1、基于limit offset 做分页（如：在url后面加上？offset=0&limit=2,即代表从第0条开始，往后取2条(即1,2)）

rest_framework.pagination LimitOffsetPagination

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

urlpatterns = url(r url(r[v1|v2]+)/,include( ]

s.py

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

urlpatterns = url(rs.IndexView1.as_view()), url(rs.IndexView2.as_view()), url(rs.IndexView3.as_view()), url(rs.IndexView4.as_view()), url(rs.IndexView5.as_view()), ]

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

rest_framework.views rest_framework.response app01.serializes.myserializes serializes rest_framework.pagination app01 # =========== 可以自己进行自定制分页，基于limitoffset===================
class P1(LimitOffsetPagination):
max_limit = 3 # 最大显示3条数据，当取的条数超过3条时，只显示前3条，不会再显示后面的，这个值默认是None，即不做限制
default_limit =2 # 设置每一页显示多少条
limit_query_param = 'limit' # 往后取几条
offset_query_param = 'offset' # 当前所在的位置

class IndexView2(APIView):
#使用http://127.0.0.1:8080/app01/v1/index2/?offset=2&limit=4可进行判断
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
user_list = modelS.UserInfo.objects.all()
p1 = P1()#注册分页
page_user_list = p1.paginate_queryset(queryset=user_list,request=request,view=self)
print('打印的是分页的数据',page_user_list)
ser = Myserializes(instance=page_user_list,many=TruE) #可允许多个
# return Response(ser.data) #不含上一页下一页
return p1.get_paginated_response(ser.data)

=======================也可以用下面这种形式===========
class BaseResponse(object):
def init(self,code=1000,data=None,error=NonE):
self.code = code
self.data = data
self.error = error
class IndexView(views.APIView):
'''第二种类表示的方式'''
def get(self,**kwargs):
ret = BaseResponse()
try:
user_list = modelS.UserInfo.objects.all()
p1 = P1()
page_user_list = p1.paginate_queryset(queryset=user_list,view=self)
ser = Indexserializer(instance=page_user_list,many=TruE)
ret.data = ser.data
ret.next = p1.get_next_link() #下一页链接
except Exception as e:
ret.code= 1001
ret.error = 'xxxx错误'
return Response(ret.Dict)

s.py

2、基于页码的分页

 rest_framework.pagination  PagenumberPagination

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

numberPagination): page_size = 2 page_size_query_param = page_query_param = max_page_size = 5

class IndexView3(APIView):
#使用http://127.0.0.1:8080/app01/v1/index3/?page=1&page_size=1可进行判断
def get(self,**kwargs):
user_list = modelS.UserInfo.objects.all()
#实例化分页对象，获取数据库中的分页数据
p2 = P2()
print(p2.page_size_query_description)
page_user_list = p2.paginate_queryset(queryset=user_list,page_user_list)

    </span><span style="color: #008000;"&gt;#</span><span style="color: #008000;"&gt;序列化对象</span>
    ser = Myserializes(instance=page_user_list,many=TruE)  <span style="color: #008000;"&gt;#</span><span style="color: #008000;"&gt;可允许多个</span>

    <span style="color: #008000;"&gt;#</span><span style="color: #008000;"&gt;生成分页和数据</span>
    <span style="color: #008000;"&gt;#</span><span style="color: #008000;"&gt; return Response(ser.data) #不含上一页下一页</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"&gt;return</span> p2.get_paginated_response(ser.data) <span style="color: #008000;"&gt;#</span><span style="color: #008000;"&gt; 是Response对象，有上一页下一页</span></pre>

s.py

3、基于cursor的分页

2可能存在性能问题，如果用户吧page给改的很大，查询速度就会很慢。还有一种页码加密的方式，

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

cursor的分页============ cursorPagination): cursor_query_param = cursor page_size = 2 page_size_query_param = max_page_size = 3 ordering = http://127.0.0.1:8080/app01/v1/index4/?cursor=cj0xJnA9NA%3D%3D&size=3可进行判断 get(self,** user_list = modelS.UserInfo.objects.all().order_by( p3 = P3() page_user_list = p3.paginate_queryset(queryset=user_list,view= (user_list) ser = Myserializes(instance=page_user_list,many=TruE) p3.get_paginated_response(ser.data)

s.py

title">二、视图

写视图函数可继承的几个类，我们以前经常用到的是APIView，现在我们来了解一下其他的类，其中1、3、4用到的最多

需要导入的类

rest_framework.views rest_framework.generics rest_framework.viewsets rest_framework.viewsets ModelViewSet

title">1、APIView

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

get(self,** user_list =S.UserInfo.objects.all() ser = Myserializes(instance=user_list,many=E) Response(ser.data)

title">2、GenericAPIView(APIView)

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

rest_framework.response rest_framework.generics app01 app01.serializes.myserializes serializes rest_framework.pagination max_limit = 3 default_limit =2 limit_query_param = offset_query_param = queryset =S.UserInfo.objects.all() serializer_class =serializes pagination_class = get(self,** user_list = p1 = P1() data = p1.paginate_queryset(queryset=user_list,view=self) 取分页的数据 ser = self.get_serializer(instance=data,many=TruE) Response(ser.data)

title">3、GenericViewSet(ViewSetmixin,generics.GenericAPIView)

/users/deletE /users/1/ PUT /users/1/ patch /users/1//users//users/1/
在GET请求的时候如果带ID说明查一条，如果不带则查所有

原始的

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

urlpatterns = url(rs.IndexView.as_view()), url(r\d+)$ ]

s.py

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

s.APIView): get(self,** pk = kwargs.get( post(self,** put(self,** patch(self,** delete(self,**

s.py

用了GenericViewSet这种方式的时候注意url变了

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

urlpatterns =,views.IndexView3.as_view({: ,:})), url(r\d+)/$,views.IndexView3.as_view({: })),

s.py

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

queryset =S.UserInfo.objects.all() serializer_class =serializes pagination_class = list(self,** Response( retrieve(self,** Response()

4、ModelViewSet(mixins.CreateModelmixin,mixins.RetrieveModelmixin,mixins.updateModelmixin,mixins.Destroymodelmixin,mixins.ListModelmixin,GenericViewSet)

利用ModelViewSet增删改查不用自己写了，内部把增删改查都干了，当满足不了需求的时候我们也可以自定制

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

urlpatterns = url(r,views.IndexView4.as_view({: , url(r772@[a-z0-9]+)/, url(r\d+)/,views.IndexView4.as_view({: ,delete: ,:update})), url(r\d+)\.(?P@H_268_772@[a-z0-9]+)/,:update ]

s.py

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

serializer这种方法必须要用Indexserializer(Modelserializer)这种方式序列化 numberPagination): page_size = 3 page_query_param = page_size_query_param = max_page_size = 5 serializer(Modelserializer): model =S.UserInfo fields = all__ queryset =S.UserInfo.objects.all() serializer_class =serializer pagination_class = P2

s.py

自定制

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

numberPagination): page_size = 3 page_query_param = page_size_query_param = max_page_size = 5 serializer(Modelserializer): model =S.UserInfo fields = all__ queryset =S.UserInfo.objects.all() serializer_class =serializer pagination_class = list(self,** retrieve(self,** destroy(self,** deletE create(self,** update(self,** partial_update(self,**

继承关系

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

<h1 id="lable3" class="title">三、路由
第一类：自定义路由

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/auth/
url(rs.AuthView.as_view()),http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/auth.json # 想要让页面显示json格式
url(r772@[a-z0-9]+)$http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/auth/1/
url(r\d+)/$http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/auth/1.json
url(r\d+)\.(?P@H_268_772@[a-z0-9]+)$s.APIView):
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;"&gt;def</span> get(self,**<span style="color: #000000;"&gt;kwargs):
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"&gt;return</span> Response(<span style="color: #800000;"&gt;'</span><span style="color: #800000;"&gt;...</span><span style="color: #800000;"&gt;'</span>)</pre>

title">第二类：半自动路由

url(r,views.IndexView.as_view({:,:772@[a-z0-9]+)$,url(r\d+)/$,views.IndexView.as_view({:,delete:,:update,:update\d+)\.(?P@H_268_772@[a-z0-9]+)$,s.ModelViewSet): queryset =S.UserInfo.objects.all() serializer_class =serializer pagination_class = P2

title">第三类：全自动路由，会自动生成四个url

router =s.IndexViewSet) urlpatterns =class IndexViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = modelS.UserInfo.objects.all()
serializer_class = Indexserializer
pagination_class = P2

class Indexserializer(serializers.Modelserializer):
class Meta:
model = modelS.UserInfo
fields = "all"

title">四、渲染器

根据用户请求URL 或用户可接受的类型，筛选出合适的渲染组件。
用户请求URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.json

用户请求头：

Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8

title">1、. json

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

django.conf.urls web.views urlpatterns = url(r url(r772@[a-z0-9]+) ]

s.py

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

rest_framework.views rest_framework.response rest_framework serializers rest_framework.renderers .. serializer(serializers.Modelserializer): model =S.UserInfo fields = all__ renderer_classes = get(self,** user_list =S.UserInfo.objects.all() ser = Testserializer(instance=user_list,many=E) Response(ser.data)

s.py

title">2、.表格

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

s.py

title">3、Form表单

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=form
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.form
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

rest_framework.views rest_framework.response rest_framework serializers rest_framework.renderers rest_framework.renderers rest_framework.renderers .. serializer(serializers.Modelserializer): model =S.UserInfo fields = all__ renderer_classes = get(self,** user_list =S.UserInfo.objects.all().first() ser = Testserializer(instance=user_list,many=falsE) Response(ser.data)

s.py

title">4、自定义显示模板

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

django.conf.urls ]

s.py

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

rest_framework.views rest_framework.response rest_framework serializers rest_framework.renderers .. serializer(serializers.Modelserializer): model =S.UserInfo fields = all__ renderer_classes = get(self,** user_list =S.UserInfo.objects.all().first() ser = Testserializer(instance=user_list,many=falsE) Response(ser.data,template_name=user_detail.html)

s.py

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Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

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 @H_772_1577@
 >
 
     >
     <a href="http://code.js-code.com/tag/titl/" target="_blank" class="keywords">titl</a>e
 
 
 {{ user }}
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l.html

title">5、浏览器格式API+JSON

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

Django Rest Framework(分页、视图、路由、渲染器)

rest_framework.views rest_framework.response rest_framework serializers rest_framework.renderers rest_framework.renderers .. serializer(serializers.Modelserializer): model =S.UserInfo fields = all__ renderer_classes = get(self,** user_list =S.UserInfo.objects.all().first() ser = Testserializer(instance=user_list,many=falsE) Response(ser.data,template_name=user_detail.html)

s.py

注意：如果同时多个存在时，自动根据URL后缀来选择渲染器。

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