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程序问答发布时间：2022-06-02 发布网站：大佬教程 code.js-code.com

大佬教程收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了为什么我的 .NET Web API 应用程序在使用 docker-compose 时无法连接到 docker 上的 MySQL？，大佬教程大佬觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。

如何解决为什么我的 .NET Web API 应用程序在使用 docker-compose 时无法连接到 docker 上的 MySQL？？

开发过程中遇到为什么我的 .NET Web API 应用程序在使用 docker-compose 时无法连接到 docker 上的 MySQL？的问题如何解决？下面主要结合日常开发的经验，给出你关于为什么我的 .NET Web API 应用程序在使用 docker-compose 时无法连接到 docker 上的 MySQL？的解决方法建议，希望对你解决为什么我的 .NET Web API 应用程序在使用 docker-compose 时无法连接到 docker 上的 MySQL？有所启发或帮助；

我有一个在 docker 中运行的 .NET Core 应用程序，它连接到 docker 上的 MysqL 数据库，

当 MysqL docker 容器使用 docker run 命令运行时：

C:\dev>docker run -p 3310:3306 --name=MysqL1 -e MysqL_ROOT_password=pw -d MysqL:5.6
C:\dev>docker run -p 3311:3306 --name=MysqL2 -e MysqL_ROOT_password=pw -d MysqL:5.6

我没有收到错误消息，但是当我尝试使用 docker-compose 时出现此错误：

ConnectionString: server=database0; port=3312; database=post; user=root; password=pw; Persist Security Info=false; Connect Timeout=300
ConnectionString: server=database1; port=3313; database=post; user=root; password=pw; Persist Security Info=false; Connect Timeout=300
fail: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel[13]
      Connection ID "0HMA1R75ALK39",request ID "0HMA1R75ALK39:00000002": An unhandled exception was thrown by the application.
      System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.Replication.ReplicationManager' threw an exception.
       ---> System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.MysqLConfiguration' threw an exception.
       ---> System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException: Configuration system Failed to initialize
       ---> System.NotSupportedException: CodeBase is not supported on assemblIEs loaded from a single-file bundle.
         at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.get_CodeBase()
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigPaths..ctor(String exePath,Boolean includeUserConfig)
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigPaths.GetPaths(String exePath,Boolean includeUserConfig)
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigurationHost.get_ConfigPaths()
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigurationHost.GetStreamname(String configPath)
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigurationHost.get_IsAppConfighttp()
         at System.Configuration.Internal.DelegaTingConfigHost.get_IsAppConfighttp()
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigurationSystem..ctor()
         at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.EnsureConfigurationSystem()
         --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
         at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.EnsureConfigurationSystem()
         at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.PrepareConfigSystem()
         at System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.GetSection(String sectionName)
         at mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.MysqLConfiguration..cctor()
         --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
         at mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.MysqLConfiguration.get_SetTings()
         at mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.Replication.ReplicationManager..cctor()
         --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
         at mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.Replication.ReplicationManager.IsReplicationGroup(String groupName)
         at mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.MysqLConnection.open()
         at System.Data.Common.DbConnection.openAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
      --- End of stack trace from prevIoUs LOCATIOn ---
         at Mysql.EntityFrameworkCore.MysqLDatabaseCreator.<>c__displayClass20_0.<<ExistsAsync>b__0>d.MoveNext()
      --- End of stack trace from prevIoUs LOCATIOn ---
         at Mysql.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.Internal.MysqLEXECUTIONStrategy.ExecuteAsync[TState,TResult](TState state,Func`4 operation,Func`4 verifySucceeded,CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.RelationalDatabaseCreator.EnsuredeletedAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         at postservice.Data.DataAccess.InitDatabase(Int32 countUsers,Int32 countCategorIEs)
         at postservice.Controllers.postsController.InitDatabase(Int32 countUsers,Int32 countCategorIEs)
         at lambda_method4(Closure,Object )
         at Microsoft.Extensions.Internal.objectMethodExecutorAwaitable.Awaiter.GetResult()
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ActionMethodExecutor.AwaitableResultExecutor.Execute(IActionResultTypeMapper mapper,ObjectMethodExecutor executor,Object controller,Object[] arguments)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.<InvokeActionMethodAsync>g__Awaited|12_0(ControllerActionInvoker invoker,ValueTask`1 actionResultValueTask)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.<InvokeNextActionFilterasync>g__Awaited|10_0(ControllerActionInvoker invoker,Task lastTask,State next,Scope scope,Object state,Boolean isCompleted)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Rethrow(ActionExecutedContextSealed context)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Next(State& next,Scope& scope,Object& state,Boolean& isCompleted)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeInnerFilterasync()
      --- End of stack trace from prevIoUs LOCATIOn ---
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.resourceInvoker.<InvokeFilterPipelineAsync>g__Awaited|19_0(resourceInvoker invoker,Boolean isCompleted)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.resourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Awaited|17_0(resourceInvoker invoker,Task task,Idisposable scopE)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.RoutIng.EndpointMIDdleware.<Invoke>g__AwaitrequestTask|6_0(Endpoint endpoint,Task requestTask,ILogger logger)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMIDdleware.Invoke(httpContext context)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.http.httpProtocol.Processrequests[TContext](IhttpApplication`1 application)

经过数小时尝试不同的东西后，我发现在谷歌上搜索，仍然无法连接到 MysqL。

这是我的 docker-compose.yaml

version: '3.8'
services:
  webservice:
    image: 'arIEfs/postservice:v1.0.0'   
    cpus: 0.5
    scale: 4
    environment:
      - PostDbConnectionStrings__Shard0=server=database0; port=3312; database=post; user=root; password=pw; Persist Security Info=false; Connect Timeout=300      
      - PostDbConnectionStrings__Shard1=server=database1; port=3313; database=post; user=root; password=pw; Persist Security Info=false; Connect Timeout=300   
    #  - PostDbConnectionStrings__Shard2=server=database2; port=3306; database=post; user=root; password=pw; Persist Security Info=false; Connect Timeout=300   
  loadbalancer:
    image: dockercloud/haproxy
    links:
      - webservice
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
    ports:
      - 5001:80
  database0:
    image: 'MysqL:5.6'
    cpus: 0.5
    ports:
      - 3312:3306
    environment:
      - MysqL_ROOT_password=pw
  database1:
    image: 'MysqL:5.6'
    cpus: 0.5
    ports:
      - 3313:3306
    environment:
      - MysqL_ROOT_password=pw
  database2:
    image: 'MysqL:5.6'
    cpus: 0.5
    ports:
      - 3314:3306
    environment:
      - MysqL_ROOT_password=pw

这是我的 docker ps :

❯ docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                       COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS
          nameS
668b32b68d0f   dockercloud/haproxy         "/sbin/Tini -- docke…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   443/tcp,1936/tcp,0.0.0.0:5001->80/tcp,:::5001->80/tcp   postservice_loadbalancer_1
a2f3be18868c   arIEfs/postservice:v1.0.0   "./postservice --url…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp
          postservice_webservice_3
ac8c9d791cc5   arIEfs/postservice:v1.0.0   "./postservice --url…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp
          postservice_webservice_2
7fe86c655063   arIEfs/postservice:v1.0.0   "./postservice --url…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp
          postservice_webservice_4
5105d0472f78   arIEfs/postservice:v1.0.0   "./postservice --url…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp

          postservice_webservice_1
f8f8e5a1ed86   MysqL:5.6                   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   0.0.0.0:3313->3306/tcp,:::3313->3306/tcp                  postservice_database1_1
c4aafd2b2182   MysqL:5.6                   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   0.0.0.0:3312->3306/tcp,:::3312->3306/tcp                  postservice_database0_1

和我的 DataAccess 类

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using postservice.EntitIEs;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.linq;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace postservice.Data
{
    public class DataAccess
    {
        private Readonly List<String> _connectionStrings = new List<String>();

        public DataAccess(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            var connectionStrings = configuration.GetSection("PostDbConnectionStrings");
            foreach (var connectionString in connectionStrings.GetChildren())
            {
                Console.Writeline("ConnectionString: " + connectionString.value);
                _connectionStrings.Add(connectionString.value);
            }
        }

        public async Task<ActionResult<IEnumerable<Post>>> ReadLatestposts(String category,int count)
        {
            using var dbContext = new postserviceContext(GetConnectionString(category));
            return await dbContext.Post.orderByDescending(p => p.postID)
                                        .Take(count)
                                        .Include(x => x.User)
                                        .Where(p => p.categoryID == category)
                                        .ToListAsync();
        }

        public async Task<int> CreatePost(Post post)
        {
            using var dbContext = new postserviceContext(GetConnectionString(post.categoryID));
            dbContext.Post.Add(post);
            return await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
        }

        public async Task InitDatabase(int countUsers,int countCategorIEs)
        {
            foreach (var connectionString in _connectionStrings)
            {
                using var dbContext = new postserviceContext(connectionString);
                await dbContext.Database.EnsuredeletedAsync();
                await dbContext.Database.EnsuredeletedAsync();
                for (int i = 1; i <= countUsers; i++)
                {
                    await dbContext.User.AddAsync(new User { name = "User" + i,Version = 1 });
                    await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
                }
                for (int i = 1; i <= countCategorIEs; i++)
                {
                    await dbContext.category.AddAsync(new category { categoryID = "category" + i });
                    await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
                }
            }
        }

        private String GetConnectionString(String category)
        {
            using var md5 = MD5.Create();
            var hash = md5.ComputeHash(EnCoding.ASCII.GetBytes(category));
            var x = BitConverter.ToUInt16(hash,0) % _connectionStrings.Count;
            return _connectionStrings[x];
        }
    }
}

更新

我正在尝试更改环境中的端口 = 3360

环境： - PostDbConnectionStrings__Shard0=server=database0;端口=3312；数据库=帖子；用户=root；密码=密码；持久安全信息=假；连接超时=300
- PostDbConnectionStrings__Shard1=server=database1;端口=3313；数据库=帖子；用户=root；密码=密码；持久安全信息=假；连接超时=300
# - PostDbConnectionStrings__Shard2=server=database2;端口=3306；数据库=帖子；用户=root；密码=密码；持久安全信息=假；连接超时=300 并得到了这个异常：

ConnectionString: server=database1; port=3306; database=post; user=root; password=pw; Persist Security Info=false; Connect Timeout=300
fail: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel[13]
      Connection ID "0HMA1U8GBSBGK",request ID "0HMA1U8GBSBGK:00000002": An unhandled exception was thrown by the application.
      System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.Replication.ReplicationManager' threw an exception.
       ---> System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'mysql.data.MysqLClIEnt.MysqLConfiguration' threw an exception.
       ---> System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException: Configuration system Failed to initialize
       ---> System.NotSupportedException: CodeBase is not supported on assemblIEs loaded from a single-file bundle.
         at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.get_CodeBase()
         at System.Configuration.ClIEntConfigPaths..ctor(String exePath,ILogger logger)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMIDdleware.Invoke(httpContext context)
         at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.http.httpProtocol.Processrequests[TContext](IhttpApplication`1 application)

这是我的 dockerfile


FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:5.0-alpine AS publish
workdir /src
copY ["postservice.csproj","./"]

RUN dotnet restore "postservice.csproj" --runtime alpine-x64
copY . .
RUN dotnet publish "postservice.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish \
    --no-restore \
    --runtime alpine-x64 \
    --self-contained true \
    /p:PublishTrimmed=true \
    /p:PublishSinglefile=true

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime-deps:5.0-alpine AS final

RUN adduser --Disabled-password \
    --home /app \
    --gecos '' dotnetuser && chown -R dotnetuser /app

RUN apk upgrade musl

USER dotnetuser
workdir /app
EXPOSE 80

copY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["./postservice","--urls","http://0.0.0.0:80"]

这里是我的 .csproj 文件

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net5.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <packagereference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="5.0.7">
      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
    </packagereference>
    <packagereference Include="Mysql.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="5.0.3.1" />
    <packagereference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.1" />
    <packagereference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="6.1.4" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

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解决方法

您尚未显示应用程序的 Dockerfile，但我猜您正在使用 dotnet publish 创建单文件应用程序。

正如异常消息所说：

System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException：配置系统初始化失败

System.NotSupportedException：从单文件包加载的程序集不支持 CodeBase。

您正在使用的 .NET MySQL 库 (MySql.Data) 依赖于 ConfigurationManager，这会导致此异常。您有两个选择：

801

要停止作为单个文件发布，请将 RUN dotnet publish 中的 Dockerfile 块更改为：

RUN dotnet publish "Postservice.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish \
    --no-restore \
    --runtime alpine-x64 \
    --self-contained true

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