大佬教程收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了[Linux] 使用openssl实现RSA非对称加密,大佬教程大佬觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,也给大家做个参考。
简单定义:公钥和私钥,加密和解密使用的是两个不同的密钥,所以是非对称
系统:ubuntu 14.04
软件:openssl java php
生成公钥私钥
使用命令生成私钥:
参数:genrsa 生成密钥 -out 输出到文件 rsa_private_key.pem 文件名 1024 长度
从私钥中提取公钥:
参数: rsa 提取公钥 -in 从文件中读入 rsa_private_key.pem 文件名 -pubout 输出 -out 到文件 rsa_public_key.pem 文件名
sHell加解密
新建一个readme.txt 内容是taoshihan
使用公钥加密:
参数: rsautl 加解密 -encrypt 加密 -in 从文件输入 readme.txt 文件名 -inkey 输入的密钥 rsa_public_key.pem 上一步生成的公钥 -pubin 表名输入是公钥文件 -out输出到文件 Hello.en 输出文件名
使用私钥解密:
参数: -decrypt 解密 -in 从文件输入 Hello.en 上一步生成的加密文件 -inkey 输入的密钥 rsa_private_key.pem 上一步生成的私钥 -out输出到文件 Hello.de 输出的文件名
php加解密
新建rsa.php的文件
执行后结果:
java加解密:
准备jar包 bcprov-ext-jdk15on-156.jar
RSAEncrypt.java 文件
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 公钥
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">private</span><span style="color: #000000"> RSAPublicKey publicKey;
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 字节数据转字符串专用集合
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">char</span>[] HEX_CHAR= {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','a','b','c','d','e','f'<span style="color: #000000">};
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 获取私钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@return</span><span style="color: #008000"> 当前的私钥对象
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> RSAPrivateKey getPrivateKey() {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> privateKey;
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 获取公钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@return</span><span style="color: #008000"> 当前的公钥对象
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> RSAPublicKey getPublicKey() {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> publicKey;
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 随机生成密钥对
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> genKeyPair(){
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
keyPairGen</span>= KeyPairGenerator.geTinstance("RSA"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchAlgorithmException E) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
keyPairGen.initialize(</span>1024,<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair</span>=<span style="color: #000000"> keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">this</span>.privateKey=<span style="color: #000000"> (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">this</span>.publicKey=<span style="color: #000000"> (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 从文件中输入流中加载公钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> in 公钥输入流
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@throws</span><span style="color: #008000"> Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> loadPublicKey(InputStream in) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> Exception{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
BufferedReader br</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> BufferedReader(<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> InputStreamReader(in));
String readLine</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">;
StringBuilder sb</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> StringBuilder();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">while</span>((readLine= br.readLine())!=<span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'<span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">conTinue</span><span style="color: #000000">;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000">{
sb.append(readLinE);
sb.append(</span>'\r'<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
loadPublicKey(sb.toString());
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (IOException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("公钥数据流读取错误"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NullPointerException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("公钥输入流为空"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 从字符串中加载公钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> publicKeyStr 公钥数据字符串
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@throws</span><span style="color: #008000"> Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> loadPublicKey(String publicKeyStr) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> Exception{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
BASE64Decoder base64Decoder</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> BASE64Decoder();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] buffer=<span style="color: #000000"> base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(publicKeyStr);
KeyFactory keyFactory</span>= KeyFactory.geTinstance("RSA"<span style="color: #000000">);
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">this</span>.publicKey=<span style="color: #000000"> (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchAlgorithmException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("无此算法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (InvalidKeySpecException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("公钥非法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (IOException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("公钥数据内容读取错误"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NullPointerException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("公钥数据为空"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 从文件中加载私钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> keyFilename 私钥文件名
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@return</span><span style="color: #008000"> 是否成功
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@throws</span><span style="color: #008000"> Exception
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> loadPrivateKey(InputStream in) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> Exception{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
BufferedReader br</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> BufferedReader(<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> InputStreamReader(in));
String readLine</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">;
StringBuilder sb</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> StringBuilder();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">while</span>((readLine= br.readLine())!=<span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'<span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">conTinue</span><span style="color: #000000">;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff">else</span><span style="color: #000000">{
sb.append(readLinE);
sb.append(</span>'\r'<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
loadPrivateKey(sb.toString());
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (IOException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("私钥数据读取错误"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NullPointerException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("私钥输入流为空"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> loadPrivateKey(String privateKeyStr) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> Exception{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
BASE64Decoder base64Decoder</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> BASE64Decoder();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] buffer=<span style="color: #000000"> base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(privateKeyStr);
RSAPrivateKeyStructure asn1PrivKey </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> RSAPrivateKeyStructure((ASN1SequencE) ASN1Sequence.fromByteArray(buffer));
RSAPrivateKeySpec rsaPrivKeySpec </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> RSAPrivateKeySpec(asn1PrivKey.getModulus(),asn1PrivKey.getPrivateExponent());
KeyFactory keyFactory</span>= KeyFactory.geTinstance("RSA"<span style="color: #000000">);
RSAPrivateKey priKey</span>=<span style="color: #000000">(RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(rsaPrivKeySpec);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">this</span>.privateKey=<span style="color: #000000">priKey;
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.geTinstance("RSA");
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);</span>
} <span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchAlgorithmException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("无此算法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (InvalidKeySpecException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("私钥非法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (IOException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("私钥数据内容读取错误"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NullPointerException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("私钥数据为空"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 加密过程
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> publicKey 公钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> plaintextData 明文数据
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@return</span><span style="color: #008000">
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@throws</span><span style="color: #008000"> Exception 加密过程中的异常信息
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] encrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey,<span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] plaintextData) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> Exception{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span>(publicKey== <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("加密公钥为空,请设置"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
Cipher cipher</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
cipher</span>= Cipher.geTinstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding",<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE,publicKey);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] output=<span style="color: #000000"> cipher.doFinal(plaintextData);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> output;
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchAlgorithmException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("无此加密算法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchPaddingException E) {
e.printStackTrace();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (InvalidKeyException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("加密公钥非法,请检查"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (IllegalBlockSizeException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("明文长度非法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (BadPaddingException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("明文数据已损坏"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 解密过程
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> privateKey 私钥
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> cipherData 密文数据
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@return</span><span style="color: #008000"> 明文
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@throws</span><span style="color: #008000"> Exception 解密过程中的异常信息
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] decrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey,<span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] cipherData) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> Exception{
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (privateKey== <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("解密私钥为空,<span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,privateKey);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] output=<span style="color: #000000"> cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> output;
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchAlgorithmException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("无此解密算法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (NoSuchPaddingException E) {
e.printStackTrace();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">null</span><span style="color: #000000">;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (InvalidKeyException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("解密私钥非法,请检查"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (IllegalBlockSizeException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("密文长度非法"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (BadPaddingException E) {
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Exception("密文数据已损坏"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">/**</span><span style="color: #008000">
* 字节数据转十六进制字符串
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@param</span><span style="color: #008000"> data 输入数据
* </span><span style="color: #808080">@return</span><span style="color: #008000"> 十六进制内容
</span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">static</span> String byteArrayToString(<span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span><span style="color: #000000">[] data){
StringBuilder StringBuilder</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> StringBuilder();
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">for</span> (<span style="color: #0000ff">int</span> i=0; i<data.length; i++<span style="color: #000000">){
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">取出字节的高四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符 注意无符号右移</span>
StringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0xf0)>>> 4<span style="color: #000000">]);
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">取出字节的低四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符</span>
StringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0x0f<span style="color: #000000">)]);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (i<data.length-1<span style="color: #000000">){
StringBuilder.append(</span>' '<span style="color: #000000">);
}
}
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span><span style="color: #000000"> StringBuilder.toString();
}
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> main(String[] args){
RSAEncrypt rsaEncrypt</span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> RSAEncrypt();
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">加载公钥</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
rsaEncrypt.loadPublicKey(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> FileInputStream("rsa_public_key.pem"<span style="color: #000000">));
System.out.println(</span>"加载公钥成功"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (Exception E) {
System.err.println(e.getmessage());
System.err.println(</span>"加载公钥失败"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">加载私钥</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
rsaEncrypt.loadPrivateKey(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> FileInputStream("rsa_private_key.pem"<span style="color: #000000">));
System.out.println(</span>"加载私钥成功"<span style="color: #000000">);
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (Exception E) {
System.err.println(e.getmessage());
System.err.println(</span>"加载私钥失败"<span style="color: #000000">);
}
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">测试字符串</span>
String encryptStr= "taoshihan"<span style="color: #000000">;
System.out.println(</span>"加密前:"<span style="color: #000000">);
System.out.println(encryptStr);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">try</span><span style="color: #000000"> {
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">加密</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] cipher =<span style="color: #000000"> rsaEncrypt.encrypt(rsaEncrypt.getPublicKey(),encryptStr.getBytes());
</span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">解密</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">byte</span>[] plaintext =<span style="color: #000000"> rsaEncrypt.decrypt(rsaEncrypt.getPrivateKey(),cipher);
BASE64Encoder encode </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> BASE64Encoder();
String buffer</span>=<span style="color: #000000"> encode.encode(cipher);
System.out.println(</span>"加密后:"<span style="color: #000000">);
System.out.println(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> String(buffer));
System.out.println(</span>"解密后:"<span style="color: #000000">);
System.out.println(</span><span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> String(plaintext));
} </span><span style="color: #0000ff">catch</span><span style="color: #000000"> (Exception E) {
System.err.println(e.getmessage());
}
}
}
带包编译和执行
执行结果:
sHell:
lNJ50ODiofcp+adrtAI943HOsjdDTg3UMfUkt0NI7DhUjxCM+NAlBH08WVQRtYK9W8ZoQOta3QH6
PzmJT4WsI0yfNGiUWYgoYgSOtPURSQMBACt3DM2Y5mEKqzbKLrhN+S+9Jrtmef1VuBUes8wN6rOD
UHxI+vDwQ+utRJRRo9U=
php:
执行结果:
java使用公钥加密,php解密:
拿上一步java生成的加密后字符串
执行结果:
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