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Cheatsheet for qemu

Debug Kernel

1. Preparation, make sure you have already install these tools. Here, mine as follow:

• gdb 10.1-4
• qemu 5.2.0-3
@H_443_5@make 4.3-3
• binutil 2.36.1-2▫

2. compile the kernel with debug configuration, we need three files here

• vmlinux (symbols)
• arch/x86-64-/boot/bzImage (kenel image in compressed format)
• scripts/gdb/vmlinux-gdb.py (gdb scripts)

3. Lauch the emulator at src directory by excuTing command▫

qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -S -s 
    -kernel ./arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage 
    -initrd ./rootfs.cpio.gz -nographic 
    -append 'nokaslr console=ttyS0'

• --nographic start without gui
• -S will not run until connected with a gdb client
• -gdb tcp::[port] run a gdbserver with open port at [port] by tcp

PS: -s tells QEMU to start a GDB server on port 1234. -S can be appended to pause the VM before starTing to run.

4. GDB debuger
   1. gdb vmlinux▫
   2. gdb: target remote :1234
   3. lx-symbols
   4. break start_kernel or hb start_kernel
   5. conTinute

BUGs FIX

1. cAnnot insert breakpoints at 0xfffffffxxxxx

use nokaslr or turn off KASLR while compile by set .config with CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE = n

2. qemu output(endless rebooTing):

   BooTing from ROm...
   Probing EDD (edd=off to disablE)... ok
   arly console in extract_kernel
   input_data: 0x0000000002c773b4
   input_len: 0x000000000090c470
   output: 0x0000000001000000
   output_len: 0x000000000173a968
   kernel_@R_313_10586@l_size: 0x00000000025a7000

   Decompressing Linux... Parsing ELF...

solution: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip.git/commit/?id=e3d03598e8ae7d195af5d3d049596dec336f569f just add serval lines at arch/x86/Makefile 223

ifdef CONFIG_X86_64  
LDFLAGS += $(call ld-option, -z max-page-size=0x200000)  
endif                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ```

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